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Brassinosteroid Signaling Involves the Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Activity of BZR1

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Brassinosteroid (BR) is an essential phytohormone that regulates plant growth and development. Plants defective in BR signaling or biosynthesis display characteristic dwarfism in the light and photomorphogenesis in the dark. BR influences the phosphorylation status of two key transcriptional factors, BES1 and BZR1, through the action of BRI1/BAK1 receptors, a GSK3 kinase BIN2, and a BR-activated phosphatase. BR signals rapidly induce the dephosphorylation of BES1 and BZR1. Ryu et al. (pages 2749–2762) show that BZR1 functions as a nucleocytoplasmic signaling mediator by shuttling between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. BR-activated phosphatase mediates rapid nuclear localization of BZR1, and BIN2-mediated phosphorylation of BZR1 induces nuclear export through an interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. Mutations of putative phosphorylation and 14-3-3 recognition sites identified in BZR1 led to constitutive nuclear localization of BZR1 and a strong BR response phenotype (curled leaves and insensitivity to brassinazole). This work shows that the phosphorylation status of BZR1 is important for its subcellular distribution, which modulates BR signaling between the nucleus and cytosol.

View larger version (27K): [in this window] [in a new window] [as a PowerPoint slide]   BZR1 shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm is a key factor in BR signaling.

www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.107.190911

Related articles in Plant Cell:

Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of BZR1 Mediated by Phosphorylation Is Essential in Arabidopsis Brassinosteroid Signaling

Hojin Ryu, Kangmin Kim, Hyunwoo Cho, Joonghyuk Park, Sunghwa Choe, and Ildoo Hwang
Plant Cell 2007 19: 2749-2762. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Related articles in Plant Cell Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Eckardt, N. A. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Eckardt, N. A. Agricola Articles by Eckardt, N. A.