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Plant Cell, Vol. 11, 793-808, May 1999, Copyright © 1999, American Society of Plant Physiologists

Molecular Markers and Cell Cycle Inhibitors Show the Importance of Cell Cycle Progression in Nematode-Induced Galls and Syncytia

Janice de Almeida Englera, Vera De Vleesschauwera, Sylvia Burssensa, John L. Celenza, Jr.b, Dirk Inzéc, Marc Van Montagua, Gilbert Englerc, and Godelieve Gheysena,d
a Laboratorium voor Genetica, Departement Plantengenetica, Vlaams Interuniversitair Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Universiteit Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
b Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
c Laboratoire Associé de l'Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (France), Universiteit Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
d Vakgroep Plantaardige Productie, Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen, Universiteit Gent, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium

Correspondence to: Marc Van Montagu, mamon{at}gengenp.rug.ac.be (E-mail), 32-9-2645-349 (fax)

Root knot and cyst nematodes induce large multinucleated cells, designated giant cells and syncytia, respectively, in plant roots. We have used molecular markers to study cell cycle progression in these specialized feeding cells. In situ hybridization with two cyclin-dependent kinases and two cyclins showed that these genes were induced very early in galls and syncytia and that the feeding cells progressed through the G2 phase. By using cell cycle blockers, DNA synthesis and progression through the G2 phase, or mitosis, were shown to be essential for gall and syncytium establishment. When mitosis was blocked, further gall development was arrested. This result demonstrates that cycles of endoreduplication or other methods of DNA amplification are insufficient to drive giant cell expansion. On the other hand, syncytium development was much less affected by a mitotic block; however, syncytium expansion was inhibited.




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