First published online November 26, 2002; 10.1105/tpc.005603
The Plant Cell, Vol. 14, 3271-3284,
December 2002, Copyright © 2002,
American Society of Plant Biologists
Differential Expression of Alternative Oxidase Genes in Maize Mitochondrial Mutants
Olga V. Karpovaa,
Evgeny V. Kuzmina,
Thomas E. Elthonb and
Kathleen J. Newton1,a
a Division of Biological Sciences, Tucker Hall, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
b School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail newtonk{at}missouri.edu; fax 573-882-0123
We have examined the expression of three alternative oxidase (aox) genes in two types of maize mitochondrial mutants. Nonchromosomal stripe (NCS) mutants carry mitochondrial DNA deletions that affect subunits of respiratory complexes and show constitutively defective growth. Cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) mutants have mitochondrial DNA rearrangements, but they are impaired for mitochondrial function only during anther development. In contrast to normal plants, which have very low levels of AOX, NCS mutants exhibit high expression of aox genes in all nonphotosynthetic tissues tested. The expression pattern is specific for each type of mitochondrial lesion: the NADH dehydrogenasedefective NCS2 mutant has high expression of aox2, whereas the cytochrome oxidasedefective NCS6 mutant predominantly expresses aox3. Similarly, aox2 and aox3 can be induced differentially in normal maize seedlings by specific inhibitors of these two respiratory complexes. Translation-defective NCS4 plants show induction of both aox2 and aox3. AOX2 and AOX3 proteins differ in their ability to be regulated by reversible dimerization. CMS mutants show relatively high levels of aox2 mRNAs in young tassels but none in ear shoots. Significant expression of aox1 is detected only in NCS and CMS tassels. The induction pattern of maize aox genes could serve as a selective marker for diverse mitochondrial defects.
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