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First published online May 2, 2002; 10.1105/tpc.002196

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The Plant Cell, Vol. 14, 969-977, May 2002, Copyright © 2002,
American Society of Plant Biologists

CLV3 Is Localized to the Extracellular Space, Where It Activates the Arabidopsis CLAVATA Stem Cell Signaling Pathway

Enrique Rojoa, Vijay K. Sharmab, Valentina Kovalevaa, Natasha V. Raikhel1,a and Jennifer C. Fletcher1,b

a Department of Botany and Plant Sciences and Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
b United States Department of Agriculture Plant Gene Expression Center, University of California Berkeley Plant and Microbial Biology Department, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail fletcher{at}nature.berkeley.edu; fax 510-559-5678; or e-mail natasha.raikhel{at}ucr.edu; fax 909-787-4437

Plant growth and development depends on the activity of a continuously replenished pool of stem cells within the shoot apical meristem to supply cells for organogenesis. In Arabidopsis, the stem cell–specific protein CLAVATA3 (CLV3) acts cell nonautonomously to restrict the size of the stem cell population, but the hypothesis that CLV3 acts as an extracellular signaling molecule has not been tested. We used genetic and immunological assays to show that CLV3 localizes to the apoplast and that export to the extracellular space is required for its function in activating the CLV1/CLV2 receptor complex. Apoplastic localization allows CLV3 to signal from the stem cell population to the organizing center in the underlying cells.




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