The Plant Cell, Vol. 14, 1497-1508,
July 2002, Copyright © 2002,
American Society of Plant Biologists
A Surveillance System Regulates Selective Entry of RNA into the Shoot Apex
Toshi M. Foster1,a,
Tony J. Lough1,2,,3,a,b,
Sarah J. Emerson2,a,
Robyn H. Leea,b,
John L. Bowmanb,
Richard L. S. Forster2,a and
William J. Lucas3,a,b
a Horticulture and Food Research Institute of New Zealand, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11030, Palmerston North, New Zealand
b Section of Plant Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616
3 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail t.lough{at}genesis.co.nz; fax 64-9-373-2189 and wjlucas{at}ucdavis.edu; fax 530-754-5410
Phloem-mobile endogenous RNA is trafficked selectively into the shoot apex. In contrast, most viruses and long-distance post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) signals are excluded from the shoot apex. These observations suggest the operation of an underlying regulatory mechanism. To examine this possibility, a potexvirus movement protein, known to modify cell-to-cell trafficking and PTGS, was expressed ectopically in transgenic plants. These plants were found to be compromised in their capacity to exclude both viral RNA and silencing signals from the shoot apex. The transgenic plants also displayed various degrees of abnormal leaf polarity depending on transgene expression level. Normal patterns of organ development were restored by either virus- or Agrobacterium tumefaciensmediated induction of PTGS. This revealed the presence of an RNA signal surveillance system that acts to allow the selective entry of RNA into the shoot apex. We propose that this surveillance system regulates signaling and protects the shoot apex, in particular the cells that give rise to reproductive structures, from viral invasion.
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