Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on August 23, 2002; 10.1105/tpc.003954
Received April 17, 2002
Accepted May 17, 2002
Plasmodesma-Mediated Selective Protein Traffic between "Symplasmically Isolated"
Cells Probed by a Viral Movement Protein
Asuka Itaya 1, Fengshan Ma 1, Yijun Qi 1, Yoshie Matsuda 1, Yali Zhu 1, Genqing Liang 1, and Biao Ding 1*
1
Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio 43210
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ding.35{at}osu.edu.
Intercellular communication is essential for differentiation and development. In
plants, plasmodesmata (PD) form cytoplasmic channels for direct communication. During
plant development, programmed reduction in PD number and transport capacity creates
the so-called symplasmic domains. Small fluorescent dyes and ions can diffuse among
cells within a domain but not across domain boundaries. Such symplasmic isolation
is thought to allow groups of cells to differentiate and develop into tissues with
distinct structures and functions. Whether or how "symplasmically isolated"
cells communicate with one another is poorly understood. One well-documented symplasmic
domain is the sieve element-companion cell (SE-CC) complex in the phloem tissue.
We report here that, when produced in the CC of transgenic tobacco, the 3a movement
protein (3a MP) of Cucumber mosaic virus fused to green fluorescent protein
(GFP) can traffic out of the SE-CC complex via PD. The extent of 3a MP:GFP traffic
across the boundary between vascular and nonvascular tissues depends on organ type
and developmental stage. Our findings provide experimental evidence that endogenous
machinery exists for protein traffic between the symplasmically isolated SE-CC complex
and neighboring cells. We suggest that PD-mediated traffic of selected macromolecules
can be a mechanism for symplasmically isolated cells to communicate with one another.
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