Plant Cell Advance Online Publication Published on January 17, 2003; 10.1105/tpc.006759
Received July 30, 2002
Accepted November 6, 2002
Duplicated fie Genes in Maize: Expression Pattern and Imprinting Suggest
Distinct Functions
Olga N. Danilevskaya 1*, Pedro Hermon 1, Sabine Hantke 1, Michael G. Muszynski 1, Krishna Kollipara 1, and Evgueni V. Ananiev 1
1
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., 7250 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, Iowa 50131
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: olga.danilevskaya{at}pioneer.com.
Two maize genes with predicted translational similarity to the Arabidopsis FIE (Fertilization-Independent
Endosperm) protein, a repressor of endosperm development in the absence of fertilization,
were cloned and analyzed. Genomic sequences of fie1 and fie2 show
significant homology within coding regions but none within introns or 5' upstream.
The fie1 gene is expressed exclusively in the endosperm of developing kernels
starting at 6 days after pollination. fie1 is an imprinted gene showing
no detectable expression of the paternally derived fie1 allele during kernel
development. Conversely, fie2 is expressed in the embryo sac before pollination.
After pollination, its expression persists, predominantly in the embryo and at lower
levels in the endosperm. The paternal fie2 allele is not expressed early
in kernel development, but its transcription is activated at 5 days after pollination.
fie2 is likely to be a functional ortholog of the Arabidopsis FIE
gene, whereas fie1 has evolved a distinct function. The maize FIE2 and sorghum
FIE proteins form a monophyletic group, sharing a closer relationship to each other
than to the FIE1 protein, suggesting that maize fie genes originated from
two different ancestral genomes.
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