Plant Cell Advance Online Publication Published on January 17, 2003; 10.1105/tpc.006882
Received August 2, 2002
Accepted November 13, 2002
The eto1, eto2, and eto3 Mutations and Cytokinin Treatment
Increase Ethylene Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis by Increasing the Stability of ACS
Protein
Hyun Sook Chae 1, Francois Faure 1, and Joseph J. Kieber 1*
1
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
27599-3280
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jkieber{at}unc.edu.
The Arabidopsis ethylene-overproducing mutants eto1, eto2, and
eto3 have been suggested to affect the post-transcriptional regulation of
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS). Here, we present the positional
cloning of the gene corresponding to the dominant eto3 mutation and show
that the eto3 phenotype is the result of a missense mutation within the
C-terminal domain of ACS9, which encodes one isoform of the Arabidopsis ACS gene
family. This mutation is analogous to the dominant eto2 mutation that affects
the C-terminal domain of the highly similar ACS5. Analysis of purified recombinant
ACS5 and epitope-tagged ACS5 in transgenic Arabidopsis revealed that eto2
does not increase the specific activity of the enzyme either in vitro or in vivo;
rather, it increases the half-life of the protein. In a similar manner, cytokinin
treatment increased the stability of ACS5 by a mechanism that is at least partially
independent of the eto2 mutation. The eto1 mutation was found to
act by increasing the function of ACS5 by stabilizing this protein. These results
suggest that an important mechanism by which ethylene biosynthesis is controlled
is the regulation of the stability of ACS, mediated at least in part through the
C-terminal domain.
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