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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on September 24, 2003; 10.1105/tpc.013961

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Received May 22, 2003
Accepted July 20, 2003

The Oleate-Stimulated Phospholipase D, PLD{delta}, and Phosphatidic Acid Decrease H 2O2-Induced Cell Death in Arabidopsis

Wenhua Zhang 1, Cunxi Wang 1, Chunbo Qin 1, Tara Wood 1, Gudrun Olafsdottir 1, Ruth Welti 2, and Xuemin Wang 1*

1 Department of Biochemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506
2 Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: wangs{at}ksu.edu.

Hydrolysis of common membrane phospholipids occurs in response to various environmental stresses, but the control and cellular function of this hydrolysis are not fully understood. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a pivotal signaling molecule involved in various stress responses. Here, we show that the plasma membrane-bound phospholipase D, PLD{delta}, is activated in response to H2O2 and that the resulting phosphatidic acid (PA) functions to decrease H2 O2-promoted programmed cell death. The Arabidopsis genome has 12 PLD genes, and knockout of PLD{delta} abolishes specifically the oleate-stimulated PLD activity. H2O2 treatment of Arabidopsis cells activates PLD enzyme activity, and ablation of PLD{delta} abolishes that activation. PLD{delta}-null cells display increased sensitivity to H2O2-induced cell death. The addition of PA to PLD{delta}-null cells mitigates the H2O2 effect, whereas suppression of the H2O2-induced PA formation in wild-type cells increases the effect. PLD{delta}-ablated plants exhibit increased susceptibility to stress. These results demonstrate that activation of oleate-stimulated PLD{delta} constitutes an important step in the plant response to H2O 2 and increasing plant stress tolerance.




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