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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on November 13, 2003; 10.1105/tpc.015685

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Received July 22, 2003
Accepted September 17, 2003

Ethylene Regulates Arabidopsis Development via the Modulation of DELLA Protein Growth Repressor Function

Patrick Achard 1, Wim H. Vriezen 2, Dominique Van Der Straeten 2, and Nicholas P. Harberd 1*

1 John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
2 Department of Molecular Genetics, Ghent University, B-9000 Gent, Belgium

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nicholas.harberd{at}bbsrc.ac.uk.

Phytohormones regulate plant development via a poorly understood signal response network. Here, we show that the phytohormone ethylene regulates plant development at least in part via alteration of the properties of DELLA protein nuclear growth repressors, a family of proteins first identified as gibberellin (GA) signaling components. This conclusion is based on the following experimental observations. First, ethylene inhibited Arabidopsis root growth in a DELLA-dependent manner. Second, ethylene delayed the GA-induced disappearance of the DELLA protein repressor of ga1-3 from root cell nuclei via a constitutive triple response-dependent signaling pathway. Third, the ethylene-promoted "apical hook" structure of etiolated seedling hypocotyls was dependent on the relief of DELLA-mediated growth restraint. Ethylene, auxin, and GA responses now can be attributed to effects on DELLA function, suggesting that DELLA plays a key integrative role in the phytohormone signal response network.




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