Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on December 19, 2003; 10.1105/tpc.016352
Received August 14, 2003
Accepted November 5, 2003
Plant eR Genes That Encode Photorespiratory Enzymes Confer Resistance against
Disease
Dvir Taler 1, Marjana Galperin 1, Ido Benjamin 1, Yigal Cohen 1, and David Kenigsbuch 1*
1
Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: davke{at}agri.gov.il.
Downy mildew caused by the oomycete pathogen Pseudoperonospora cubensis
is a devastating foliar disease of cucurbits worldwide. We previously demonstrated
that the wild melon line PI 124111F (PI) is highly resistant to all pathotypes of
P. cubensis. That resistance was controlled genetically by two partially
dominant, complementary loci. Here, we show that unlike other plant disease resistance
genes, which confer an ability to resist infection by pathogens expressing corresponding
avirulence genes, the resistance of PI to P. cubensis is controlled by enhanced
expression of the enzymatic resistance (eR) genes At1 and At2
. These constitutively expressed genes encode the photorespiratory peroxisomal
enzyme proteins glyoxylate aminotransferases. The low expression of At1
and At2 in susceptible melon lines is regulated mainly at the transcriptional
level. This regulation is independent of infection with the pathogen. Transgenic
melon plants overexpressing either of these eR genes displayed enhanced
activity of glyoxylate aminotransferases and remarkable resistance against P.
cubensis. The cloned eR genes provide a new resource for developing
downy mildew-resistant melon varieties.
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