Plant Cell Advance Online Publication Published on October 23, 2003; 10.1105/tpc.017376
Received September 12, 2003
Accepted September 13, 2003
Toward the Analysis of the Petunia MADS Box Gene Family by Reverse and Forward Transposon
Insertion Mutagenesis Approaches: B, C, and D Floral Organ Identity Functions Require
SEPALLATA-Like MADS Box Genes in Petunia
Michiel Vandenbussche 1, Jan Zethof 1, Erik Souer 2, Ronald Koes 2, Giovanni B. Tornielli 3, Mario Pezzotti 3, Silvia Ferrario 4, Gerco C. Angenent 4, and Tom Gerats 1*
1
Department of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Institut voor Biotechnologie/Ghent University,
B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
2
Department of Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
3
Dipartimento Scientifico e Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Verona,
37134 Verona, Italy
4
Business Unit Bioscience, Plant Research International, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tgerats{at}sci.kun.nl.
We have initiated a systematic functional analysis of the MADS box, Intervening region,
K domain, C domain-type MADS box gene family in petunia. The starting point for this
has been a reverse-genetics approach, aiming to select for transposon insertions
into any MADS box gene. We have developed and applied a family signature insertion
screening protocol that is highly suited for this purpose, resulting in the isolation
of 32 insertion mutants in 20 different MADS box genes. In addition, we identified
three more MADS box gene insertion mutants using a candidate-gene approach. The defined
insertion lines provide a sound foundation for a systematic functional analysis of
the MADS box gene family in petunia. Here, we focus on the analysis of Floral
Binding Protein (FBP2) and FBP5 genes that encode the E-function,
which in Arabidopsis has been shown to be required for B and C floral organ identity
functions. fbp2 mutants display sepaloid petals and ectopic inflorescences
originating from the third floral whorl, whereas fbp5 mutants appear as
wild type. In fbp2 fbp5 double mutants, reversion of floral organs to leaf-like
organs is increased further. Strikingly, ovules are replaced by leaf-like structures
in the carpel, indicating that in addition to the B- and C-functions, the D-function,
which specifies ovule development, requires E-function activity. Finally, we compare
our data with results obtained using cosuppression approaches and conclude that the
latter might be less suited for assigning functions to individual members of the
MADS box gene family.
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