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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on December 17, 2004; 10.1105/tpc.104.027235

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Received August 25, 2004
Accepted October 18, 2004

A NAC Domain Protein Interacts with Tomato leaf curl virus Replication Accessory Protein and Enhances Viral Replication

Luke A. Selth 1, Satish C. Dogra 1, M. Saif Rasheed 2, Helen Healy 3, John W. Randles 3, and M. Ali Rezaian 4*

1 Horticulture Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Plant Industry, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia; School of Agriculture and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
2 Horticulture Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Plant Industry, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia; School of Agriculture and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia; National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
3 School of Agriculture and Wine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
4 Horticulture Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Plant Industry, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ali.rezaian{at}csiro.au.

Geminivirus replication enhancer (REn) proteins dramatically increase the accumulation of viral DNA species by an unknown mechanism. In this study, we present evidence implicating SlNAC1, a new member of the NAC domain protein family from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), in Tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) REn function. We isolated SlNAC1 using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) two-hybrid technology and TLCV REn as bait, and confirmed the interaction between these proteins in vitro. TLCV induces SlNAC1 expression specifically in infected cells, and this upregulation requires REn. In a transient TLCV replication system, overexpression of SlNAC1 resulted in a substantial increase in viral DNA accumulation. SlNAC1 colocalized with REn to the nucleus and activated transcription of a reporter gene in yeast, suggesting that in healthy cells it functions as a transcription factor. Together, these results imply that SlNAC1 plays an important role in the process by which REn enhances TLCV replication.






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