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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on January 19, 2005; 10.1105/tpc.104.027987

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Received September 27, 2004
Accepted November 24, 2004

DISTORTED3/SCAR2 Is a Putative Arabidopsis WAVE Complex Subunit That Activates the Arp2/3 Complex and Is Required for Epidermal Morphogenesis

Dipanwita Basu 1, Jie Le 1, Salah El-Din El-Essal 1, Shanjin Huang 2, Chunhua Zhang 1, Eileen L. Mallery 1, Gregore Koliantz 1, Christopher J. Staiger 3, and Daniel B. Szymanski 4*

1 Agronomy Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
3 Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064; Purdue Motility Group, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064
4 Agronomy Department, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054; Purdue Motility Group, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2064

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dszyman{at}purdue.edu.

In a plant cell, a subset of actin filaments function as a scaffold that positions the endomembrane system and acts as a substrate on which organelle motility occurs. Other actin filament arrays appear to be more dynamic and reorganize in response to growth signals and external cues. The distorted group of trichome morphology mutants provides powerful genetic tools to study the control of actin filament nucleation in the context of morphogenesis. In this article, we report that DISTORTED3 (DIS3) encodes a plant-specific SCAR/WAVE homolog. Null alleles of DIS3, like those of other Arabidopsis thaliana WAVE and Actin-Related Protein (ARP) 2/3 subunit genes, cause trichome distortion, defects in cell-cell adhesion, and reduced hypocotyl growth in etiolated seedlings. DIS3 efficiently activates the actin filament nucleation and branching activity of vertebrate Arp2/3 and functions within a WAVE-ARP2/3 pathway in vivo. DIS3 may assemble into a WAVE complex via a physical interaction with a highly diverged Arabidopsis Abi-1-like bridging protein. These results demonstrate the utility of the Arabidopsis trichome system to understand how the WAVE and ARP2/3 complexes translate signaling inputs into a coordinated morphogenetic response.






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