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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on March 16, 2005; 10.1105/tpc.104.029272

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Received November 12, 2004
Accepted January 18, 2005

Sites and Regulation of Auxin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis Roots

Karin Ljung 1, Anna K. Hull 2, John Celenza 3, Masashi Yamada 4, Mark Estelle 4, Jennifer Normanly 5, and Göran Sandberg 1*

1 Umeå Plant Science Center, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
2 Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Fraunhofer USA, Newark, Delaware 19711
3 Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215
4 Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: goran.sandberg{at}genfys.slu.se.

Auxin has been shown to be important for many aspects of root development, including initiation and emergence of lateral roots, patterning of the root apical meristem, gravitropism, and root elongation. Auxin biosynthesis occurs in both aerial portions of the plant and in roots; thus, the auxin required for root development could come from either source, or both. To monitor putative internal sites of auxin synthesis in the root, a method for measuring indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis with tissue resolution was developed. We monitored IAA synthesis in 0.5- to 2-mm sections of Arabidopsis thaliana roots and were able to identify an important auxin source in the meristematic region of the primary root tip as well as in the tips of emerged lateral roots. Lower but significant synthesis capacity was observed in tissues upward from the tip, showing that the root contains multiple auxin sources. Root-localized IAA synthesis was diminished in a cyp79B2 cyp79B3 double knockout, suggesting an important role for Trp-dependent IAA synthesis pathways in the root. We present a model for how the primary root is supplied with auxin during early seedling development.




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