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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on July 1, 2005; 10.1105/tpc.105.030973

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Received January 18, 2005
Returned for revision June 8, 2005
Accepted June 8, 2005

The Rice brassinosteroid-deficient dwarf2 Mutant, Defective in the Rice Homolog of Arabidopsis DIMINUTO/DWARF1, Is Rescued by the Endogenously Accumulated Alternative Bioactive Brassinosteroid, Dolichosterone

Zhi Hong 1, Miyako Ueguchi-Tanaka 1, Shozo Fujioka 2, Suguru Takatsuto 3, Shigeo Yoshida 2, Yasuko Hasegawa 1, Motoyuki Ashikari 1, Hidemi Kitano 1, and Makoto Matsuoka 1*

1 BioScience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
2 RIKEN, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
3 Department of Chemistry, Joetsu University of Education, Joetsu-shi, Niigata 943-8512, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: makoto{at}nuagr1.agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp.

We have identified a rice (Oryza sativa) brassinosteroid (BR)-deficient mutant, BR-deficient dwarf2 (brd2). The brd2 locus contains a single base deletion in the coding region of Dim/dwf1, a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana DIMINUTO/DWARF1 (DIM/DWF1). Introduction of the wild-type Dim/dwf1 gene into brd2 restored the normal phenotype. Overproduction and repression of Dim/dwf1 resulted in contrasting phenotypes, with repressors mimicking the brd2 phenotype and overproducers having large stature with increased numbers of flowers and seeds. Although brd2 contains low levels of common 6-oxo-type BRs, the severity of the brd2 phenotype is much milder than brd1 mutants and most similar to d2 and d11, which show a semidwarf phenotype at the young seedling stage. Quantitative analysis suggested that in brd2, the 24-methylene BR biosynthesis pathway is activated and the uncommon BR, dolichosterone (DS), is produced. DS enhances the rice lamina joint bending angle, rescues the brd1 dwarf phenotype, and inhibits root elongation, indicating that DS is a bioactive BR in rice. Based on these observations, we discuss an alternative BR biosynthetic pathway that produces DS when Dim/dwf1 is defective.




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