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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on December 2, 2005; 10.1105/tpc.105.037507

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Received August 29, 2005
Returned for revision October 23, 2005
Accepted November 10, 2005

ROR1/RPA2A, a Putative Replication Protein A2, Functions in Epigenetic Gene Silencing and in Regulation of Meristem Development in Arabidopsis

Ran Xia 1, Junguo Wang 1, Chunyan Liu 2, Yu Wang 1, Youqun Wang 1, Jixian Zhai 2, Jun Liu 1, Xuhui Hong 1, Xiaofeng Cao 2, Jian-Kang Zhu 3, and Zhizhong Gong 1*

1 State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
2 Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
3 Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gongzz{at}cau.edu.cn.

We screened for suppressors of repressor of silencing1 (ros1) using the silenced 35S promoter-neomycin phosphotransferase II (Pro35S:NPTII) gene as a marker and identified two allelic mutants, ror1-1 and ror1-2 (for suppressor of ros1). Map-based cloning revealed that ROR1 encodes a 31-kD protein similar to DNA replication protein A2 (RPA2A). Mutations in ROR1 reactivate the silenced Pro35S:NPTII gene but not RD29A promoter-luciferase in the ros1 mutant. DNA methylation in rDNA, centromeric DNA, and RD29A promoter regions is not affected by ror1. However, chromatin immunoprecipitation data suggest that histone H3 acetylation is increased and histone H3K9 dimethylation is decreased in the 35S promoter in the ror1 ros1 mutant compared with ros1. These results indicate that release of silenced Pro35S:NPTII by ror1 mutations is independent of DNA methylation. ROR1/RPA2A is strongly expressed in shoot and root meristems. Mutations in ROR1/RPA2A affect cell division in meristems but not final cell sizes. Our work suggests important roles of ROR1/RPA2A in epigenetic gene silencing and in the regulation of plant development.






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