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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on February 3, 2006; 10.1105/tpc.105.037622

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Received September 1, 2005
Returned for revision December 13, 2005
Accepted January 13, 2006

PLASTOCHRON2 Regulates Leaf Initiation and Maturation in Rice

Taiji Kawakatsu 1, Jun-Ichi Itoh 1, Kazumaru Miyoshi 1, Nori Kurata 2, Nena Alvarez 3, Bruce Veit 3, and Yasuo Nagato 1*

1 Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
2 National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
3 AgResearch, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North, New Zealand

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: anagato{at}mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.

In higher plants, leaves initiate in constant spatial and temporal patterns. Although the pattern of leaf initiation is a key element of plant shoot architecture, little is known about how the time interval between initiation events, termed plastochron, is regulated. Here, we present a detailed analysis of plastochron2 (pla2), a rice (Oryza sativa) mutant that exhibits shortened plastochron and precocious maturation of leaves during the vegetative phase and ectopic shoot formation during the reproductive phase. The corresponding PLA2 gene is revealed to be an orthologue of terminal ear1, a maize (Zea mays) gene that encodes a MEI2-like RNA binding protein. PLA2 is expressed predominantly in young leaf primordia. We show that PLA2 normally acts to retard the rate of leaf maturation but does so independently of PLA1, which encodes a member of the P450 family. Based on these analyses, we propose a model in which plastochron is determined by signals from immature leaves that act non-cell-autonomously in the shoot apical meristem to inhibit the initiation of new leaves.






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