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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on May 12, 2006; 10.1105/tpc.105.039644

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Received November 22, 2005
Returned for revision April 14, 2006
Accepted April 21, 2006

{gamma}-Tubulin Is Essential for Microtubule Organization and Development in Arabidopsis

Martine Pastuglia 1*, Juliette Azimzadeh 1, Magali Goussot 1, Christine Camilleri 1, Katia Belcram 1, Jean-Luc Evrard 2, Anne-Catherine Schmit 2, Philippe Guerche 1, and David Bouchez 1

1 Station de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
2 Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pastugli{at}versailles.inra.fr.

The process of microtubule nucleation in plant cells is still a major question in plant cell biology. {gamma}-Tubulin is known as one of the key molecular players for microtubule nucleation in animal and fungal cells. Here, we provide genetic evidence that in Arabidopsis thaliana, {gamma}-tubulin is required for the formation of spindle, phragmoplast, and cortical microtubule arrays. We used a reverse genetics approach to investigate the role of the two Arabidopsis {gamma}-tubulin genes in plant development and in the formation of microtubule arrays. Isolation of mutants in each gene and analysis of two combinations of {gamma}-tubulin double mutants showed that the two genes have redundant functions. The first combination is lethal at the gametophytic stage. Disruption of both {gamma}-tubulin genes causes aberrant spindle and phragmoplast structures and alters nuclear division in gametophytes. The second combination of {gamma}-tubulin alleles affects late seedling development, ultimately leading to lethality 3 weeks after germination. This partially viable mutant combination enabled us to follow dynamically the effects of {gamma}-tubulin depletion on microtubule arrays in dividing cells using a green fluorescent protein marker. These results establish the central role of {gamma}-tubulin in the formation and organization of microtubule arrays in Arabidopsis.




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