Plant Cell Advance Online Publication Published on November 30, 2006; 10.1105/tpc.106.044107
Received May 13, 2006
Returned for revision October 11, 2006
Accepted November 2, 2006
The Rice Tapetum Degeneration Retardation Gene Is Required for Tapetum Degradation and Anther Development
Na Li 1, Da-Sheng Zhang 2, Hai-Sheng Liu 2, Chang-Song Yin 2, Xiao-xing Li 2, Wan-qi Liang 2, Zheng Yuan 2, Ben Xu 3, Huang-Wei Chu 2, Jia Wang 2, Tie-Qiao Wen 4, Hai Huang 3, Da Luo 3, Hong Ma 5, and Da-Bing Zhang 6*
1 Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences-Pennsylvania State University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; College of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200436, China
2 Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences-Pennsylvania State University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
3 Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
4 College of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200436, China
5 Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences-Pennsylvania State University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16082
6 Shanghai Jiao Tong University-Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences-Pennsylvania State University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: zhangdb{at}sjtu.edu.cn.
In flowering plants, tapetum degeneration is proposed to be triggered by a programmed cell death (PCD) process during late stages of pollen development; the PCD is thought to provide cellular contents supporting pollen wall formation and to allow the subsequent pollen release. However, the molecular basis regulating tapetum PCD in plants remains poorly understood. We report the isolation and characterization of a rice (Oryza sativa) male sterile mutant tapetum degeneration retardation (tdr), which exhibits degeneration retardation of the tapetum and middle layer as well as collapse of microspores. The TDR gene is preferentially expressed in the tapetum and encodes a putative basic helix-loop-helix protein, which is likely localized to the nucleus. More importantly, two genes, Os CP1 and Os c6, encoding a Cys protease and a protease inhibitor, respectively, were shown to be the likely direct targets of TDR through chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses and the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. These results indicate that TDR is a key component of the molecular network regulating rice tapetum development and degeneration.
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