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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on December 15, 2006; 10.1105/tpc.106.044743

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Received June 8, 2006
Returned for revision October 20, 2006
Accepted November 10, 2006

An Integrated View of Gene Expression and Solute Profiles of Arabidopsis Tumors: A Genome-Wide Approach

Rosalia Deeken 1, Julia C. Engelmann 2, Marina Efetova 1, Tina Czirjak 1, Tobias Müller 2, Werner M. Kaiser 1, Olaf Tietz 3, Markus Krischke 4, Martin J. Mueller 4, Klaus Palme 3, Thomas Dandekar 2, and Rainer Hedrich 1*

1 Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
2 Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Department of Bioinformatics, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
3 Institute of Biology II, Cell Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
4 Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hedrich{at}botanik.uni-wuerzburg.de.

Transformation of plant cells with T-DNA of virulent agrobacteria is one of the most extreme triggers of developmental changes in higher plants. For rapid growth and development of resulting tumors, specific changes in the gene expression profile and metabolic adaptations are required. Increased transport and metabolic fluxes are critical preconditions for growth and tumor development. A functional genomics approach, using the Affymetrix whole genome microarray (~22,800 genes), was applied to measure changes in gene expression. The solute pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana tumors and uninfected plant tissues was compared with the respective gene expression profile. Increased levels of anions, sugars, and amino acids were correlated with changes in the gene expression of specific enzymes and solute transporters. The expression profile of genes pivotal for energy metabolism, such as those involved in photosynthesis, mitochondrial electron transport, and fermentation, suggested that tumors produce C and N compounds heterotrophically and gain energy mainly anaerobically. Thus, understanding of gene-to-metabolite networks in plant tumors promotes the identification of mechanisms that control tumor development.




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