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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on March 16, 2007; 10.1105/tpc.106.046581

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Received August 14, 2006
Returned for revision November 20, 2006
Accepted February 13, 2007

The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascade MKK3-MPK6 Is an Important Part of the Jasmonate Signal Transduction Pathway in Arabidopsis

Fuminori Takahashi 1, Riichiro Yoshida 2, Kazuya Ichimura 3, Tsuyoshi Mizoguchi 2, Shigemi Seo 4, Masahiro Yonezawa 5, Kyonoshin Maruyama 6, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki 7, and Kazuo Shinozaki 1*

1 Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan; Institute of Biological Sciences, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
2 Institute of Biological Sciences, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
3 Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan; Plant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Plant Science Center, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
4 Plant Physiology Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan
5 Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
6 Biological Resources Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan
7 Biological Resources Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan; Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sinozaki{at}rtc.riken.jp.

The plant hormone jasmonic acid (JA) plays a key role in the environmental stress responses and developmental processes of plants. Although ATMYC2/JASMONATE-INSENSITIVE1 (JIN1) is a major positive regulator of JA-inducible gene expression and essential for JA-dependent developmental processes in Arabidopsis thaliana, molecular mechanisms underlying the control of ATMYC2/JIN1 expression remain largely unknown. Here, we identify a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, MAPK KINASE 3 (MKK3)-MAPK 6 (MPK6), which is activated by JA in Arabidopsis. We also show that JA negatively controls ATMYC2/JIN1 expression, based on quantitative RT-PCR and genetic analyses using gain-of-function and loss-of-function mutants of the MKK3-MPK6 cascade. These results indicate that this kinase unit plays a key role in JA-dependent negative regulation of ATMYC2/JIN1 expression. Both positive and negative regulation by JA may be used to fine-tune ATMYC2/JIN1 expression to control JA signaling. Moreover, JA-regulated root growth inhibition is affected by mutations in the MKK3-MPK6 cascade, which indicates important roles in JA signaling. We provide a model explaining how MPK6 can convert three distinct signals--JA, pathogen, and cold/salt stress--into three different sets of responses in Arabidopsis.




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