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Plant Cell Advance Online Publication
Published on December 16, 2008; 10.1105/tpc.108.063859

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Received October 16, 2008
Returned for revision November 6, 2008
Accepted November 30, 2008

Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin 1 Is Required for the Maintenance of Plasma Membrane Integrity and Cell Viability

Arnaldo L. Schapire 1, Boris Voigt 2, Jan Jasik 3, Abel Rosado 1, Rosa Lopez-Cobollo 4, Diedrik Menzel 3, Julio Salinas 5, Stefano Mancuso 6, Victoriano Valpuesta 1, Frantisek Baluska 3, and Miguel A. Botella 1*

1 Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
2 Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
3 Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
4 Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
5 Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 28040 Madrid, Spain
6 Department of Horticulture, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mabotella{at}uma.es.

Plasma membrane repair in animal cells uses synaptotagmin 7, a Ca2+-activated membrane fusion protein that mediates delivery of intracellular membranes to wound sites by a mechanism resembling neuronal Ca2+-regulated exocytosis. Here, we show that loss of function of the homologous Arabidopsis thaliana Synaptotagmin 1 protein (SYT1) reduces the viability of cells as a consequence of a decrease in the integrity of the plasma membrane. This reduced integrity is enhanced in the syt1-2 null mutant in conditions of osmotic stress likely caused by a defective plasma membrane repair. Consistent with a role in plasma membrane repair, SYT1 is ubiquitously expressed, is located at the plasma membrane, and shares all domains characteristic of animal synaptotagmins (i.e., an N terminus-transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic region containing two C2 domains with phospholipid binding activities). Our analyses support that membrane trafficking mediated by SYT1 is important for plasma membrane integrity and plant fitness.




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