Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
DNA Gel Blot Hybridization of the Genome-Specific Sequence PSR593 to Genomic DNA from F1 Hybrids and Newly Formed Allopolyploids.
(A) Hybridization to genomic DNA from the F1 hybrid between Ae. sharonensis (TH02) and T. monococcum ssp aegilopoides (TMB02), from the S1 generation of the allotetraploid that derived from this hybrid, and from the two parental plants. DNA was digested using EcoRI, EcoRV, DraI, and HindIII. Arrows indicate the bands from the genome of TH02 that disappeared in F1 and in the S1 generation of the allopolyploid. Fragment size is indicated at right in kilobases.
(B) Hybridization to genomic DNA from the F1 hybrid between T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR16) and Ae. speltoides (TS01), from the S1 generation of the allohexaploid derived from this hybrid, and from the two parental plants. DNA was digested using HindIII and DraI. Arrows indicate the bands that disappeared in F1 and/or in the S1 generation of the allohexaploid. The upper band of TTR16 is present in F1 of the HindIII digest but is absent in S1. No such difference between F1 and S1 was noted with DraI. This difference between HindIII and DraI probably results from methylation. Fragment size is indicated at right in kilobases.
- Figure 2.
DNA Gel Blot Hybridization of the CSS WPG90 to Genomic DNA from the F1 Hybrid between T. monococcum ssp aegilopoides (TMB02) and Ae. speltoides (TS86), from the S1 Generation of the Allotetraploid That Derived from This Hybrid, and from the Two Parental Plants.
DNA was digested with EcoRI. The arrow indicates the band from the genome of TMB02 that disappeared in the S1 generation of the allopolyploid. Fragment size is indicated at right in kilobases.
- Figure 3.
DNA Gel Blot Hybridization of the GSS PSR551 to Genomic DNA from the F1 Hybrid between T. aestivum ssp aestivum cv Chinese Spring (CS) and Ae. longissima (TL01), from the S1, S2, and S3 Generations of the Allooctoploid That Derived from This Hybrid, and from the Two Parental Plants.
DNA was digested using EcoRI and EcoRV. Arrows indicate the band from the genome of TL01 that disappeared only in the S3 generation of the allopolyploid. Fragment size is indicated at right in kilobases.
- Figure 4.
DNA Gel Blot Hybridization of the GSS PSR593 to Genomic DNA from the F1 Hybrid between T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR16) having Ph1 and Ae. speltoides (TS01), from the F1 Hybrid between T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR16) Disomic 5D Nullisomic 5B Lacking Ph1 and Ae. speltoides (TS01), and from Their Parental Plants.
DNA was digested with DraI. Arrows indicate the bands from the genome of TS01 that disappeared in the F1 hybrid. Fragment size is indicated at right in kilobases.
Tables
- Table 1.
List of the F1 and Synthesized Allopolyploids of Triticum, Aegilops, and Secale That Were Produced in this Worka
Cross Combination Genomic Constitution of F1 Synthesized Allopolyploids Natural allopolyploid combinations Tetraploids (2n = 4x = 28) Ae. sharonensis (TH01) × Ae. umbellulata (TU04) SlU + Ae. longissima (TL02) × Ae. umbellulata (TU02) SlU + Ae. longissima (TL05) × T. urartu (TMU06) SlA + Ae. sharonensis (TH02) × T. monococcum ssp aegilopoides (TMB02) SlAm + T. monococcum ssp aegilopoides (TMB02) × Ae. speltoides (TS86) AmS + Ae. longissima (TL01) × T. monococcum ssp aegilopoides (TMB02) SlAm − Ae. longissima (TL02) × T. monococcum ssp aegilopoides (TMB02) SlAm − Ae. bicornis (TB01) × T. urartu (TMU06) SbA − Hexaploids (2n = 6x = 42) T. turgidum ssp cartlicum (TTH01) × Ae. tauschii (TQ17) BAD + T. turgidum ssp cartlicum (TTH01) × Ae. tauschii (TQ17) BAD + T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR04) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) BAD + T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR16) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) BAD + T. turgidum ssp durum (Lang 5D[5B]) × Ae. tauschii (TQ17) BAD − T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR19) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) BAD + T. turgidum ssp dicoccoides (TTD20) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) BAD + Nonnatural allopolyploid combinations Tetraploids (2n = 4x = 28) Ae. speltoides (TS86) × Ae. caudata (TD01) SC + T. urartu (TMU38) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) AD + Ae. bicornis (TB01) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) SbD + Ae. longissima (TL01) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) SlD − Ae. longissima (TL02) × Ae. tauschii (TQ27) SlD − Hexaploids (2n = 6x = 42) T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR16) × Ae. speltoides (TS01) BAS + T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR19) × Ae. sharonensis (TH01) BASl + T. turgidum ssp durum (Lang 5D[5B]) × Ae. speltoides (TS01) BAS − T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR16) × Ae. longissima (TL01) BASl − T. turgidum ssp durum (TTR16) × Ae. longissima (TL02) BASl − Octoploids (2n = 8x = 56) T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01) × Ae. speltoides (TS01) BADS + Ae. speltoides (TS42) × T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01) SBAD + T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01) × Ae. longissima (TL01) BADSl + T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01) × Ae. longissima (TL02) BADSl + T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01) × Ae. sharonensis (TH01) BADSl − T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01) × Ae. bicornis (TB01) BADSb − T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01) × S. cereale (SC01) BADR + T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01 ph1 ph1) × Ae. longissima (TL01) BADSl + T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01 ph1 ph1) × Ae. speltoides (TS01) BADS − T. aestivum ssp aestivum (TAA01 ph1 ph1) × Ae. sharonensis (TH01) BADSl − a All allopolyploids were produced by colchicine treatment of F1 seedlings except for TTR04–TQ27, TTR16–TQ27, and TTR19–TQ27, which were obtained by spontaneous formation of unreduced gametes on F1 plants.
- Table 2.
Mean Sequence Elimination (%) in F1 Hybrids and S1, S2, and S3 Allopolyploid Generations of Triticum, Aegilops, and Secalea
CSS GSS 4× 6× 8× 4× 6× 8× Type of Allopolyploid Generation n % n % n % n % n % n % Natural F1 8 3 7 0 – – 8 31 7 67 – – S1 5 67 6 50 – – 5 80 6 67 – – S2 3 92 5 75 – – 4 92 5 100 – – Nonnatural F1 5 0 5 0 10 0 5 10 5 13 10 13 S1 3 36 2 29 6 10 3 50 2 34 6 28 S2 – – 2 58 5 53 – – 2 50 5 53 S3 – – 1 100 3 65 – – 2 84 3 100 a n, number of combinations; –, data not available; %, mean sequence elimination in every generation was calculated from the percentage of disappearing DNA gel blot bands in every genomic combination.
- Table 3.
Elimination Frequency (%) of the Different CSSs and GSSs in F1 Hybrids and S1 and S2 Allopolyploid Generations of Triticum, Aegilops, and Secale
Type of Allopolyploid Number of Combinations Percent Elimination of CSSs Percent Elimination of GSSs All Sequences (Mean) PSR743 PSR618 PSR301 WPG15 WPG90 Mean PSR551 PSR593 WPG176 Mean Natural F1 15 0 6 0 0 0 1.2 b 7 46 67 40.0 aa 15.8 b S1 11 11 64 100 100 27 60.4 a 45 82 91 72.7 a 65.0 a S2 8 11 88 100 100 38 67.4 a 45 88 100 77.7 a 71.3 a Mean – – – – – – 43.0 – – – 63.4 50.7b Nonnatural F1 20 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 b 0 17 13 10.0 aa 3.8 b S1 11 18 30 9 6 20 16.6 ab 0 36 50 28.7 a 21.1 b S2 7 18 71 29 6 88 42.4 a 10 86 88 61.3 a 49.5 a Mean – – – – – – 19.7 – – – 33.3 24.8b Mean, all combinations – – – – – – 31.3 – – – 48.4 37.7 Arc cosine transformation of the percentage values was compared by analysis of variance. Within each group of allopolyploids (natural and nonnatural), values followed by common letters are not significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).
a Significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than in the F1 of the CSSs in the natural and nonnatural allopolyploids.
b Significantly higher (P ≤ 0.009) than the nonnatural all sequences mean.
Species, Subspecies, and Cultivars Line Designation Genome Diploids (2n = 2x = 14) T. urartu TMU06 AA TMU38 AA T. monococcum ssp aegilopoides TMB02 AmAm Ae. speltoides TS01 SS TS42 SS TS86 SS Ae. bicornis TB01 SbSb Ae. sharonensis TH01 SlSl TH02 SlSl Ae. longissima TL01 SlSl TL02 SlSl TL05 SlSl Ae. tauschii TQ17 DD TQ27 DD Ae. umbellulata TU02 UU TU04 UU Ae. caudata TD01 CC S. cereale SC01 RR Tetraploids (2n = 4x = 28) T. turgidum ssp dicoccoides TTD20 BBAA ssp durum cv Inbar TTR04 BBAA cv Langdon TTR16 BBAA cv Cappelli TTR19 BBAA ssp carthlicum TTH01 BBAA Hexaploids (2n = 6x = 42) T. aestivum ssp aestivum cv Chinese Spring TAA01 BBAADD Substitution line T. turgidum ssp durum cv Langdon 5D(5B) Produced by L.R. Joppa BBAA Mutant line T. aestivum ssp aestivum cv Chinese Spring, ph1 ph1 Produced by E.R. Sears BBAADD Designationa Size (kb) Chromosome Arm Location in Common Wheat CSSs PSR743 2.200 7AXb WPG15 0.279 5BL WPG90 0.279 5BL PSR618 2.800 5BS PSR301 2.120 6BXb GSSs PSR551 1.200 2BS, 6BS PSR593 2.500 2BS, 4BS, 7BL WPG176 0.260 3BL, 4BX, 5BL a PSR (Plant Science Research) sequences were kindly provided by M.D. Gale (John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK); WPG (Weizmann Plant Genetics) sequences were produced in our laboratory. All sequences showed polymorphism between the parental lines.
b Arm location is unknown.
