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Table of Contents

The Plant Cell Online: 20 (12)
Dec 2008

IN BRIEF

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    ATP Transporters in Peroxisomal Membranes
    Nancy R. Hofmann
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3181; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.201210
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    Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin1 Maintains Plasma Membrane Integrity
    Nancy A. Eckardt
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3182; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.201211
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    Phosphate-Deprived Roots Are Hypersensitive to Auxin
    Kathleen L. Farquharson
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3183; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.201212
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    Dynamic Evolution of Oryza Genomes
    Gregory Bertoni
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3184; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.201213
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    Guard Cell Proteome Reveals Signals and Surprises
    Jennifer Mach
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3185; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.201214

COMMENTARY

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    Criteria for Annotation of Plant MicroRNAs
    Blake C. Meyers, Michael J. Axtell, Bonnie Bartel, David P. Bartel, David Baulcombe, John L. Bowman, Xiaofeng Cao, James C. Carrington, Xuemei Chen, Pamela J. Green, Sam Griffiths-Jones, Steven E. Jacobsen, Allison C. Mallory, Robert A. Martienssen, R. Scott Poethig, Yijun Qi, Herve Vaucheret, Olivier Voinnet, Yuichiro Watanabe, Detlef Weigel, Jian-Kang Zhu
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3186-3190; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.064311

RESEARCH ARTICLES

  • Open Access
    Dynamic Evolution of Oryza Genomes Is Revealed by Comparative Genomic Analysis of a Genus-Wide Vertical Data Set
    Jetty S.S. Ammiraju, Fei Lu, Abhijit Sanyal, Yeisoo Yu, Xiang Song, Ning Jiang, Ana Clara Pontaroli, Teri Rambo, Jennifer Currie, Kristi Collura, Jayson Talag, Chuanzhu Fan, Jose Luis Goicoechea, Andrea Zuccolo, Jinfeng Chen, Jeffrey L. Bennetzen, Mingsheng Chen, Scott Jackson, Rod A. Wing
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3191-3209; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063727

    This work combines a phylogenetic framework of closely related Oryza species with a large-scale comparative sequence sampling from every phylogenetic branch from a single orthologous Adh1-Adh2 genomic region. It details a chronological series of evolutionary events, their pace, mechanistic causes, and impact on genome evolution in this genus that occurred within a 15-million-year time period.

  • Open Access
    Functional Proteomics of Arabidopsis thaliana Guard Cells Uncovers New Stomatal Signaling Pathways
    Zhixin Zhao, Wei Zhang, Bruce A. Stanley, Sarah M. Assmann
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3210-3226; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063263

    This study identifies 1734 proteins of the guard cell proteome, examines novel signaling pathways, and finds that a myrosinase implicated in plant–herbivore interactions, THIOGLUCOSIDE GLUCOHYDROLASE1 (TGG1), is abundant in guard cells. Mutant analysis reveals key roles of TGG1 in ABA regulation of K+ channels and stomatal apertures, suggesting interplay between biotic and abiotic signaling.

  • Open Access
    Proteomic Identification and Characterization of a Novel Peroxisomal Adenine Nucleotide Transporter Supplying ATP for Fatty Acid β-Oxidation in Soybean and Arabidopsis
    Yuko Arai, Makoto Hayashi, Mikio Nishimura
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3227-3240; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.062877

    This work identifies a novel protein, Glycine max PEROXISOMAL ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE CARRIER (PNC1), by proteomic analyses of peroxisomal membrane proteins. PNC1 and its homologs in Arabidopsis contribute to the transport of adenine nucleotides that are consumed by reactions to generate acyl-CoA for peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation during postgerminative growth.

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    Peroxisomal ATP Import Is Essential for Seedling Development in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Nicole Linka, Frederica L. Theodoulou, Richard P. Haslam, Marc Linka, Jonathan A. Napier, H. Ekkehard Neuhaus, Andreas P.M. Weber
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3241-3257; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.062042

    This study shows that plant peroxisomes depend on ATP import from the cytosol to drive ATP-dependent reactions in the peroxisomal matrix. Two redundant ATP carriers that mediate an exchange of ATP with AMP or ADP across the peroxisomal membrane catalyze the import of ATP.

  • Open Access
    Phosphate Availability Alters Lateral Root Development in Arabidopsis by Modulating Auxin Sensitivity via a Mechanism Involving the TIR1 Auxin Receptor
    Claudia-Anahí Pérez-Torres, José López-Bucio, Alfredo Cruz-Ramírez, Enrique Ibarra-Laclette, Sunethra Dharmasiri, Mark Estelle, Luis Herrera-Estrella
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3258-3272; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.058719

    Lateral root formation is stimulated in plants deprived of phosphate. Here, phosphate-deprived Arabidopsis seedlings are shown to have an increased sensitivity to auxin, which alters the expression of auxin-responsive genes and promotes lateral root formation.

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    A Tobacco Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase, CDPK1, Regulates the Transcription Factor REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH in Response to Gibberellins
    Sarahmi Ishida, Takashi Yuasa, Masaru Nakata, Yohsuke Takahashi
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3273-3288; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.107.057489

    REPRESSION OF SHOOT GROWTH (RSG) is a transcriptional activator functioning in GA feedback by regulating GA biosynthetic enzymes. This work identified a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase that regulates RSG by phosphorylation of RSG residue Ser-114. These results suggest that CDPK decodes the Ca2+ signal produced by GAs and regulates the intracellular localization of RSG.

  • Open Access
    Characterization of the Arabidopsis Nitrate Transporter NRT1.6 Reveals a Role of Nitrate in Early Embryo Development
    Anabel Almagro, Shan Hua Lin, Yi Fang Tsay
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3289-3299; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.107.056788

    This study of the nitrate transporter NRT1.6, which is expressed in the funiculus, showed that nitrate is important for early embryo development. In the nrt1.6 mutants, abnormalities were found mainly in the suspensor cells at the one- or two-cell stages of embryo development.

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    Truncation of a Protein Disulfide Isomerase, PDIL2-1, Delays Embryo Sac Maturation and Disrupts Pollen Tube Guidance in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Huanzhong Wang, Leonor C. Boavida, Mily Ron, Sheila McCormick
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3300-3311; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.062919

    The authors show that Arabidopsis PDIL2-1 is a functional protein disulfide isomerase localized in the ER and highly expressed in the micropylar region of the ovule. They also show that gain-of-function mutations, caused by truncated versions of enzymatically active PDIL2-1, act in sporophytic tissues. These mutations delay embryo sac maturation and disrupt pollen tube guidance in Arabidopsis.

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    Type B Phosphatidylinositol-4-Phosphate 5-Kinases Mediate Arabidopsis and Nicotiana tabacum Pollen Tube Growth by Regulating Apical Pectin Secretion
    Till Ischebeck, Irene Stenzel, Ingo Heilmann
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3312-3330; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.059568

    PtdIns(4,5)P2 is enriched in the tip plasma membrane of pollen tubes. Its functions in pollen tubes are unclear, as PtdIns(4,5)P2 biosynthetic enzymes are poorly characterized. Two pollen-expressed PI4P 5-kinases were found to be required for normal germination and growth of pollen tubes, and overexpression phenotypes indicated that PtdIns(4,5)P2 has effects on pectin secretion at the growing apex.

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    Characterization of Raphanus sativus Pentatricopeptide Repeat Proteins Encoded by the Fertility Restorer Locus for Ogura Cytoplasmic Male Sterility
    M. Uyttewaal, N. Arnal, M. Quadrado, A. Martin-Canadell, N. Vrielynck, S. Hiard, H. Gherbi, A. Bendahmane, F. Budar, H. Mireau
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3331-3345; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.107.057208

    The Rfo locus restores fertility to radish plants with Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility. Using transgenic rapeseed plants expressing genes of this locus, this study shows that the product of one gene associates in vivo with the sterility gene RNA and restores fertility by suppressing the synthesis of the sterility protein in the tapetum of anthers.

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    The C-Terminal Variable Region Specifies the Dynamic Properties of Arabidopsis Microtubule-Associated Protein MAP65 Isotypes
    Andrei P. Smertenko, Despina Kaloriti, Hsin-Yu Chang, Jindriska Fiserova, Zdenek Opatrny, Patrick J. Hussey
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3346-3358; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063362

    The organization of microtubule arrays in plant cell morphogenesis depends on proteins that bundle microtubules. The major bundling protein is MAP65, which is encoded by a gene family comprising different isotypes that have unique abilities important for cell cycle progression. This work shows that a specific region in the C terminus of each isotype is essential for its unique function.

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    ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE19/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN30 and ASL20/LBD18 Regulate Tracheary Element Differentiation in Arabidopsis
    Takashi Soyano, Siripong Thitamadee, Yasunori Machida, Nam-Hai Chua
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3359-3373; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.061796

    Expression of ASL19 and ASL20 in immature xylem vessels depends on VND6 and VND7, two key positive regulators of xylem differentiation. ASL19/20 overexpression generates xylem-like cells and induces ectopic VND7 expression in nonvascular tissues. Thus, ASL19 and ASL20 seem to be involved in a positive feedback loop for VND6/7 expression that regulates xylem differentiation.

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    Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin 1 Is Required for the Maintenance of Plasma Membrane Integrity and Cell Viability
    Arnaldo L. Schapire, Boris Voigt, Jan Jasik, Abel Rosado, Rosa Lopez-Cobollo, Diedrik Menzel, Julio Salinas, Stefano Mancuso, Victoriano Valpuesta, Frantisek Baluska, Miguel A. Botella
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3374-3388; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063859

    The authors characterize an Arabidopsis syt1 mutant that exhibits reduced plasma membrane integrity. They show that SYT1 is a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid binding protein localized at the plasma membrane, and provide evidence that plasma membrane repair mediated by SYT1 is essential for cell viability in plants under nonoptimal growing conditions.

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    Calcium-Dependent Freezing Tolerance in Arabidopsis Involves Membrane Resealing via Synaptotagmin SYT1
    Tomokazu Yamazaki, Yukio Kawamura, Anzu Minami, Matsuo Uemura
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3389-3404; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.062679

    Plants surviving under subzero temperatures in winter enhance their freezing tolerance during the fall season to avoid irreversible damage to the plasma membrane. This work provides evidence that the plant synaptotagmin SYT1 functions to enhance freezing tolerance by facilitating the membrane resealing that is essential for cells to survive after the plasma membrane is damaged.

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    Arabidopsis Tic40 Expression in Tobacco Chloroplasts Results in Massive Proliferation of the Inner Envelope Membrane and Upregulation of Associated Proteins
    Nameirakpam Dolendro Singh, Ming Li, Sueng-Bum Lee, Danny Schnell, Henry Daniell
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3405-3417; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063172

    Overexpression of Tic40 in chloroplasts results in proper targeting, processing, insertion, and upregulation of other inner membrane proteins, and in massive proliferation of the inner envelope. This study opens the door for understanding membrane biogenesis, retrograde signal transduction, and use of transgenic chloroplasts for expression of membrane proteins for various biotechnology applications.

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    Multiple Mechanism–Mediated Retention of a Defective Brassinosteroid Receptor in the Endoplasmic Reticulum of Arabidopsis
    Zhi Hong, Hua Jin, Tzvi Tzfira, Jianming Li
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3418-3429; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.061879

    BRI1 is a cell surface receptor for plant steroid hormones, brassinosteriods. This work shows that bri1-5, a mutant form of BRI1 still capable of responding to the hormone, is trapped in the endoplasmic reticulum by an overvigilant quality control system using three separate retention mechanisms, and is depleted by a proteasome-independent degradation process.

  • Open Access
    Characterization of TCTP, the Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein, from Arabidopsis thaliana
    Oliver Berkowitz, Ricarda Jost, Stephan Pollmann, Josette Masle
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3430-3447; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.061010

    The Arabidopsis translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) regulates vegetative growth, lateral root formation, and root hair development,and is also critical to pollen tube growth. These effects suggest that TCTP acts in the plant TOR signalling network, as in humans and Drosophila, but with plant-specific features such as crosstalk with auxin signaling.

  • Open Access
    Starch Granule Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis Is Abolished by Removal of All Debranching Enzymes but Restored by the Subsequent Removal of an Endoamylase
    Sebastian Streb, Thierry Delatte, Martin Umhang, Simona Eicke, Martine Schorderet, Didier Reinhardt, Samuel C. Zeeman
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3448-3466; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063487

    The major component of starch granules, amylopectin, is a branched glucan, the structure of which is determined by starch synthases, branching enzymes and debranching enzymes. This study reveals that when debranching enzymes are missing, amylases not normally involved in biosynthesis act on the nascent glucans, modifying their structure and thereby preventing starch granule formation.

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    Lotus japonicus CASTOR and POLLUX Are Ion Channels Essential for Perinuclear Calcium Spiking in Legume Root Endosymbiosis
    Myriam Charpentier, Rolf Bredemeier, Gerhard Wanner, Naoya Takeda, Enrico Schleiff, Martin Parniske
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3467-3479; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.063255

    CASTOR and POLLUX constitute a novel class of ion channels present throughout the angiosperm lineage. Mutant phenotypes, channel properties, and subcellular localization suggest a direct involvement in the calcium spiking mechanism during nodulation in legumes.

CORRECTIONS

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    Correction
    Plant Cell Dec 2008, 20 (12) 3480; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.108.201260
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The Plant Cell Online: 20 (12)
The Plant Cell
Vol. 20, Issue 12
December 2008
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