RETRACTION

• © 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.

Kim, T.-W., Youn, J.-H., Park, T.-K., Kim, E.-J., Park, C.-H., Wang, Z.-Y., Kim, S.-K., Kim, T.-W. (2018). OST1 Activation by the Brassinosteroid-Regulated Kinase CDG1-LIKE1 in Stomatal Closure. Plant Cell 30: 1848–1863; DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1105/tpc.18.00239.

The authors of the above article request that it be retracted from The Plant Cell. On October 7, 2019, we recognized that several images for biochemical analyses in the article were intentionally manipulated to generate preferred results. Through our detailed inspection, we found that the first author, Tae-Woo Kim, had inappropriately manipulated data in a number of figures. Tae-Woo Kim has admitted to these instances of misconduct. Data produced by inappropriate manipulation were as follows:

1. An immunoblot image for Anti-YFP in Figure 6E was duplicated from that of an Anti-myc image in Figure 6A.

2. An immunoblot image for Anti-YFP in Figure 7A was duplicated from that of Anti-myc image in Figure 6B and further manipulated to remove markings between lanes.

3. Autoradiography of MyBP in Figure 7D was overlapped with that of Figure 7A. Similarly, the CBB images of MyBP in Figure 7D and 7A were manipulated as shown.

4. Autoradiography of Figure 7E was duplicated and manipulated from autoradiography of Figure 7B.

5. In Supplemental Figures 11A and 12A, the same image was use for CBB lanes with contrast adjustments.

6. The “input” image for Anti-YFP blot in Supplemental Figure 14 was duplicated from the IP image for Anti-YFP in Figure 6F.

None of the other authors was aware of this manipulation at the time of publication. However, we accept responsibility for not detecting these problems. We believe that the immediate retraction of the manuscript is the best course of action, and all authors agree to this retraction. We are planning to repeat all experiments to re-confirm our major findings and hope to be able to provide the correct data elsewhere in the future. We sincerely apologize for any inconvenience the publication of this work may have caused to our readers and the community.

Editors’ note: Members of The Plant Cell editorial board approved the retraction of this publication and the above retraction notice based on the information provided by the authors. The authors are responsible for providing a complete listing and accurate explanations for all known errors or instances of inappropriate data handling or image manipulation associated with the original publication.