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Nitrate in 2020: Thirty Years from Transport to Signaling Networks

Elena A. Vidal, José M. Alvarez, Viviana Araus, Eleodoro Riveras, Matthew D. Brooks, Gabriel Krouk, Sandrine Ruffel, Laurence Lejay, Nigel M. Crawford, Gloria M. Coruzzi, Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
Elena A. Vidal
aMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
bCentro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, 8580745
cEscuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, 8580745
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  • ORCID record for Elena A. Vidal
José M. Alvarez
aMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
bCentro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, 8580745
dCenter for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
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Viviana Araus
dCenter for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
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  • ORCID record for Viviana Araus
Eleodoro Riveras
aMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
eDepartamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 8331150
fFONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile, 8370415
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Matthew D. Brooks
dCenter for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
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Gabriel Krouk
gBiochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 34060
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Sandrine Ruffel
gBiochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 34060
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Laurence Lejay
gBiochemistry and Plant Molecular Physiology, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Universite Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 34060
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Nigel M. Crawford
hSection of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093
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Gloria M. Coruzzi
dCenter for Genomics and Systems Biology, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
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Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
aMillennium Institute for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile, 7500565
eDepartamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 8331150
fFONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile, 8370415
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  • For correspondence: rgutierrez@bio.puc.cl

Published July 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.19.00748

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  • © 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.

Abstract

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants and a major limiting factor for plant growth and crop production. Nitrate is the main source of N available to plants in agricultural soils and in many natural environments. Sustaining agricultural productivity is of paramount importance in the current scenario of increasing world population, diversification of crop uses, and climate change. Plant productivity for major crops around the world, however, is still supported by excess application of N-rich fertilizers with detrimental economic and environmental impacts. Thus, understanding how plants regulate nitrate uptake and metabolism is key for developing new crops with enhanced N use efficiency and to cope with future world food demands. The study of plant responses to nitrate has gained considerable interest over the last 30 years. This review provides an overview of key findings in nitrate research, spanning biochemistry, molecular genetics, genomics, and systems biology. We discuss how we have reached our current view of nitrate transport, local and systemic nitrate sensing/signaling, and the regulatory networks underlying nitrate-controlled outputs in plants. We hope this summary will serve not only as a timeline and information repository but also as a baseline to define outstanding questions for future research.

  • Received October 3, 2019.
  • Revised February 5, 2020.
  • Accepted March 10, 2020.
  • Published March 13, 2020.
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Nitrate in 2020: Thirty Years from Transport to Signaling Networks
Elena A. Vidal, José M. Alvarez, Viviana Araus, Eleodoro Riveras, Matthew D. Brooks, Gabriel Krouk, Sandrine Ruffel, Laurence Lejay, Nigel M. Crawford, Gloria M. Coruzzi, Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
The Plant Cell Jul 2020, 32 (7) 2094-2119; DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00748

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Nitrate in 2020: Thirty Years from Transport to Signaling Networks
Elena A. Vidal, José M. Alvarez, Viviana Araus, Eleodoro Riveras, Matthew D. Brooks, Gabriel Krouk, Sandrine Ruffel, Laurence Lejay, Nigel M. Crawford, Gloria M. Coruzzi, Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
The Plant Cell Jul 2020, 32 (7) 2094-2119; DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00748
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • INTRODUCTION
    • MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF NITRATE TRANSPORT
    • MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF LOCAL AND SYSTEMIC NITRATE SIGNALING
    • REGULATORY NETWORKS OF THE NITRATE RESPONSE IN PLANTS
    • DEVELOPMENTAL OUTPUTS
    • NITRATE INTERACTION WITH OTHER NUTRIENTS
    • NITRATE IN THE CONTEXT OF A CHANGING CLIMATE
    • ADVANCES IN NUE
    • DIVE Curated Terms
    • Acknowledgments
    • AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
    • Footnotes
    • References
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The Plant Cell: 32 (7)
The Plant Cell
Vol. 32, Issue 7
Jul 2020
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More in this TOC Section

  • PhasiRNAs in Plants: Their Biogenesis, Genic Sources, and Roles in Stress Responses, Development, and Reproduction
  • Ten Years of the Maize Nested Association Mapping Population: Impact, Limitations, and Future Directions
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