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Research ArticleLARGE-SCALE BIOLOGY ARTICLE
Open Access

Convergent Loss of an EDS1/PAD4 Signaling Pathway in Several Plant Lineages Reveals Coevolved Components of Plant Immunity and Drought Response

Erin L. Baggs, J. Grey Monroe, Anil S. Thanki, Ruby O’Grady, Christian Schudoma, Wilfried Haerty, Ksenia V. Krasileva
Erin L. Baggs
aEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, United Kingdom
bUniversity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
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  • ORCID record for Erin L. Baggs
J. Grey Monroe
cUniversity of California Davis, Davis, California 95616
dMax Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Anil S. Thanki
aEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, United Kingdom
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Ruby O’Grady
eThe Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
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Christian Schudoma
aEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, United Kingdom
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Wilfried Haerty
aEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, United Kingdom
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  • ORCID record for Wilfried Haerty
Ksenia V. Krasileva
aEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UZ, United Kingdom
bUniversity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
eThe Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
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  • ORCID record for Ksenia V. Krasileva
  • For correspondence: kseniak@berkeley.edu

Published July 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.19.00903

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  • © 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.

Abstract

Plant innate immunity relies on nucleotide binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) that recognize pathogen-derived molecules and activate downstream signaling pathways. We analyzed the variation in NLR gene copy number and identified plants with a low number of NLR genes relative to sister species. We specifically focused on four plants from two distinct lineages, one monocot lineage (Alismatales) and one eudicot lineage (Lentibulariaceae). In these lineages, the loss of NLR genes coincides with loss of the well-known downstream immune signaling complex ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1)/PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4). We expanded our analysis across whole proteomes and found that other characterized immune genes were absent only in Lentibulariaceae and Alismatales. Additionally, we identified genes of unknown function that were convergently lost together with EDS1/PAD4 in five plant species. Gene expression analyses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and Oryza sativa revealed that several homologs of the candidates are differentially expressed during pathogen infection, drought, and abscisic acid treatment. Our analysis provides evolutionary evidence for the rewiring of plant immunity in some plant lineages, as well as the coevolution of the EDS1/PAD4 pathway and drought responses.

  • Received December 3, 2019.
  • Revised April 28, 2020.
  • Accepted May 12, 2020.
  • Published May 14, 2020.

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Convergent Loss of an EDS1/PAD4 Signaling Pathway in Several Plant Lineages Reveals Coevolved Components of Plant Immunity and Drought Response
Erin L. Baggs, J. Grey Monroe, Anil S. Thanki, Ruby O’Grady, Christian Schudoma, Wilfried Haerty, Ksenia V. Krasileva
The Plant Cell Jul 2020, 32 (7) 2158-2177; DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00903

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Convergent Loss of an EDS1/PAD4 Signaling Pathway in Several Plant Lineages Reveals Coevolved Components of Plant Immunity and Drought Response
Erin L. Baggs, J. Grey Monroe, Anil S. Thanki, Ruby O’Grady, Christian Schudoma, Wilfried Haerty, Ksenia V. Krasileva
The Plant Cell Jul 2020, 32 (7) 2158-2177; DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00903
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The Plant Cell: 32 (7)
The Plant Cell
Vol. 32, Issue 7
Jul 2020
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