IN BRIEF:

Glutaredoxin Functions in Floral Development

Nancy R. Hofmann

Plant Cell 2009 21: 363. First Published on February 13, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210210

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A Receptor-Like Kinase That Functions in Adaptation to Salt Stress in Legumes

Nancy A. Eckardt

Plant Cell 2009 21: 364. First Published on February 24, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210211

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Functions of DNA Polymerase

Nancy A. Eckardt

Plant Cell 2009 21: 365. First Published on February 24, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210212

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Functional ER Chaperone Required in Rice Blast Disease

Gregory Bertoni

Plant Cell 2009 21: 366. First Published on February 27, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210213

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Nodulation Signaling in Legumes Depends on an NSP1-NSP2 Complex

Nancy A. Eckardt

Plant Cell 2009 21: 367. First Published on February 27, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210214

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MEETING REPORT:

The Future of Science: Food and Water for Life

Nancy A. Eckardt, Eleonora Cominelli, Massimo Galbiati, and Chiara Tonelli

Plant Cell 2009 21: 368-372. First Published on February 27, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066209

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RESEARCH ARTICLES:

Genetic Regulation of Meiotic Cross-Overs between Related Genomes in Brassica napus Haploids and Hybrids

Stéphane D. Nicolas, Martine Leflon, Hervé Monod, Frédérique Eber, Olivier Coriton, Virginie Huteau, Anne-Marie Chèvre, and Eric Jenczewski

Plant Cell 2009 21: 373-385. First Published on February 3, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.062273

Precise control of chromosome recombination is vital for conferring genome and meiotic stability and, thus, fitness of sexually reproductive polyploids. This work provides new insights on the genetic system that regulates the number of associations between nonhomologous chromosomes during meiosis of Brassica napus haploids.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Epigenetic Regulation, Somatic Homologous Recombination, and Abscisic Acid Signaling Are Influenced by DNA Polymerase Mutation in Arabidopsis Haibo Yin, Xia Zhang, Jun Liu, Youqun Wang, Junna He, Tao Yang, Xuhui Hong, Qing Yang, and Zhizhong Gong Plant Cell 2009 21: 386-402. First Published on February 24, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061549 This work examines an abscisic acid (ABA)–sensitive mutant, which is caused by mutation of DNA polymerase . This hypomorphic mutation caused increased somatic homologous recombination, sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, activation of silenced loci, and early flowering, indicating a role for DNA replication enzymes in maintenance of epigenetic states and in ABA signaling. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data][Author Profile] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

Genome-Wide Analysis of Genes Targeted by PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3-LIKE5 during Seed Germination in Arabidopsis

Eunkyoo Oh, Hyojin Kang, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Jeongmoo Park, Doheon Lee, Yuji Kamiya, and Giltsu Choi

Plant Cell 2009 21: 403-419. First Published on February 24, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064691

PIL5 is a phytochrome-interacting bHLH transcription factor that regulates seed germination. This work identifies genes directly targeted by PIL5 through comparison of microarray and ChIP-chip data. The analysis of the target genes shows that PIL5 regulates seed germination by coordinating various hormone signaling pathways and by modifying cell wall properties in imbibed seeds.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Tendril-less Regulates Tendril Formation in Pea Leaves Julie Hofer, Lynda Turner, Carol Moreau, Mike Ambrose, Peter Isaac, Susan Butcher, James Weller, Adeline Dupin, Marion Dalmais, Christine Le Signor, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, and Noel Ellis Plant Cell 2009 21: 420-428. First Published on February 10, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064071 The gene that determines the formation of tendrils, novel filamentous leaf organs present in peas and their allies, has been identified as Tendril-less, encoding a Class I homeodomain leucine zipper transcription factor. Characterization of mutants shows that these tendrils are modified leaflets, inhibited from laminar development by the action of the Tendril-less gene. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

Nuclear Activity of ROXY1, a Glutaredoxin Interacting with TGA Factors, Is Required for Petal Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Shutian Li, Andrea Lauri, Mark Ziemann, Andrea Busch, Mrinal Bhave, and Sabine Zachgo

Plant Cell 2009 21: 429-441. First Published on February 13, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064477

Glutaredoxins are ubiquitous glutathione-dependent oxidoreductases that are associated mainly with redox-regulated processes participating in stress responses. This work shows that ROXY1, a CC-type glutaredoxin, acts in the nucleus to influence petal primordia initiation and later petal morphogenesis, likely by modifying TGA transcription factors posttranslationally.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data][Author Profile]

The Arabidopsis Proteasome RPT5 Subunits Are Essential for Gametophyte Development and Show Accession-Dependent Redundancy

Jean-Luc Gallois, Anouchka Guyon-Debast, Alain Lécureuil, Daniel Vezon, Virginie Carpentier, Sandrine Bonhomme, and Philippe Guerche

Plant Cell 2009 21: 442-459. First Published on February 17, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.062372

This work shows that the proteasome Regulatory Particle 5 (RPT5) subunits are essential for male and female gametophyte development. Analysis of mutants for both genes encoding these subunits in two different Arabidopsis accessions also highlights that redundancy between the two RPT5 genes is accession dependent and in particular that the rpt5a mutant phenotype depends on its background.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

The RPN5 Subunit of the 26s Proteasome Is Essential for Gametogenesis, Sporophyte Development, and Complex Assembly in Arabidopsis

Adam J. Book, Jan Smalle, Kwang-Hee Lee, Peizhen Yang, Joseph M. Walker, Sarah Casper, James H. Holmes, Laura A. Russo, Zachri W. Buzzinotti, Pablo D. Jenik, and Richard D. Vierstra

Plant Cell 2009 21: 460-478. First Published on February 27, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064444

This study explores the function of two highly conserved isoforms of the Arabidopsis 26S proteasome subunit RPN5. The data point to a specific role for RPN5 in the plant 26S proteasome and suggest that its two isoforms in Arabidopsis have both redundant and unique roles in development.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Zea mays Annexins Modulate Cytosolic Free Ca²⁺ and Generate a Ca²⁺-Permeable Conductance

Anuphon Laohavisit, Jennifer C. Mortimer, Vadim Demidchik, Katy M. Coxon, Matthew A. Stancombe, Neil Macpherson, Colin Brownlee, Andreas Hofmann, Alex A.R. Webb, Henk Miedema, Nicholas H. Battey, and Julia M. Davies

Plant Cell 2009 21: 479-493. First Published on February 20, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.059550

Annexins are soluble proteins capable of binding to membranes. Annexins purified from maize were found to increase cytosolic free calcium in Arabidopsis protoplasts and form a transport route for calcium, possibly by interacting with an unidentified membrane binding protein. These results implicate annexins in the regulation of cell calcium and hence cell signaling and development.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Phytochrome A Mediates Rapid Red Light–Induced Phosphorylation of Arabidopsis FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL1 in a Low Fluence Response

Yunping Shen, Zhenzhen Zhou, Suhua Feng, Jigang Li, Anna Tan-Wilson, Li-Jia Qu, Haiyang Wang, and Xing Wang Deng

Plant Cell 2009 21: 494-506. First Published on February 10, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061259

This work analyzes the protein–protein interactions between phytochrome A (phyA) and two far-red light signaling proteins (FHY1 and FHL). In addition, it finds that phyA exhibits kinase activity toward FHY1 in vitro and that FHY1 undergoes phyA-dependent phosphorylation during dark to red light transition, revealing a role of phyA in regulating this low fluence response.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A Novel Fatty Acyl-CoA Synthetase Is Required for Pollen Development and Sporopollenin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Clarice de Azevedo Souza, Sung Soo Kim, Stefanie Koch, Lucie Kienow, Katja Schneider, Sarah M. McKim, George W. Haughn, Erich Kombrink, and Carl J. Douglas

Plant Cell 2009 21: 507-525. First Published on February 13, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.062513

This study implicates an acyl-CoA synthetase that is preferentially expressed in flowers in the sporopollenin biosynthesis pathway in Arabidopsis. ACOS5 was found to localize to the cytoplasm of tapetal cells, to act on medium-chain fatty acids, and to be required for pollen formation.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

The Rab GTPase RabA4d Regulates Pollen Tube Tip Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana

Amy L. Szumlanski and Erik Nielsen

Plant Cell 2009 21: 526-544. First Published on February 10, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.060277

Pollen tubes are characterized by a polarized form of cell growth and a requirement for highly regulated intracellular trafficking. Here, we show that RabA4d, a pollen-specific member of the RabA family of Rab GTPase proteins, is necessary for normal pollen tube growth. The loss of this gene leads to dramatic changes in pollen tube morphology and functionality.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

GRAS Proteins Form a DNA Binding Complex to Induce Gene Expression during Nodulation Signaling in Medicago truncatula

Sibylle Hirsch, Jiyoung Kim, Alfonso Muñoz, Anne B. Heckmann, J. Allan Downie, and Giles E.D. Oldroyd

Plant Cell 2009 21: 545-557. First Published on February 27, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064501

Two GRAS domain Nodulation Signaling Pathway proteins, NSP1 and NSP2, from Medicago truncatula form a complex on the promoters of Nod factor–inducible genes. This complex is enhanced upon Nod factor elicitation, and the interaction between NSP1 and NSP2 is necessary for efficient nodulation.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data][Author Profile]

A DYW Domain–Containing Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein Is Required for RNA Editing at Multiple Sites in Mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana

Anja Zehrmann, Daniil Verbitskiy, Johannes A. van der Merwe, Axel Brennicke, and Mizuki Takenaka

Plant Cell 2009 21: 558-567. First Published on February 27, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064535

RNA editing in plant mitochondria changes 400 to 500 Cs to Us, mostly in mRNAs. This article identifies a trans-factor involved in RNA editing in plant mitochondria and reports that single-nucleotide mutations in this pentatricopeptide repeat protein differentially influence editing at the three sites addressed in different mRNAs.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase SCFTIR1/AFB and Membrane Sterols Play Key Roles in Auxin Regulation of Endocytosis, Recycling, and Plasma Membrane Accumulation of the Auxin Efflux Transporter PIN2 in Arabidopsis thaliana Jianwei Pan, Shozo Fujioka, Jianling Peng, Jianghua Chen, Guangming Li, and Rujin Chen Plant Cell 2009 21: 568-580. First Published on February 13, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061465 The PIN auxin efflux transporters, which are themselves regulated by auxin, determine the direction and rate of intercellular auxin flow. This work shows that the auxin regulation of endocytosis, recycling, and plasma membrane accumulation of specific plasma membrane–resident proteins, including some PIN proteins, is dependent on a ubiquitin ligase and on membrane sterols. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

An Arabidopsis GPI-Anchor Plasmodesmal Neck Protein with Callose Binding Activity and Potential to Regulate Cell-to-Cell Trafficking

Clare Simpson, Carole Thomas, Kim Findlay, Emmanuelle Bayer, and Andrew J. Maule

Plant Cell 2009 21: 581-594. First Published on February 17, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.060145

This work contributes to our understanding of plasmodesmal (Pd) structure and function through the identification of a novel Pd protein. This protein shows binding to callose, a component important in Pd regulation, and accordingly the protein appears to influence molecular flux through these cell-to-cell communication channels.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Arabidopsis Photorespiratory Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Activity Requires the Mitochondrial Accumulation of Ferredoxin-Dependent Glutamate Synthase

Aziz Jamai, Patrice A. Salomé, Stephen H. Schilling, Andreas P.M. Weber, and C. Robertson McClung

Plant Cell 2009 21: 595-606. First Published on February 17, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.063289

Photorespiration is the light-stimulated consumption of oxygen and evolution of carbon dioxide that occurs at ambient levels of carbon dioxide. Ferredoxin-dependent Glutamate Synthase, a key enzyme in the photorespiratory cycle previously known to localize in chloroplasts, is shown to occur also in mitochondria, where it interacts with serine hydroxymethyltransferase.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Ethylene Mediates Response and Tolerance to Potassium Deprivation in Arabidopsis

Ji-Yul Jung, Ryoung Shin, and Daniel P. Schachtman

Plant Cell 2009 21: 607-621. First Published on February 3, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.063099

Plant response to low nutrients is vital for growth and survival. This study shows that the ethylene signaling pathway is induced by potassium deprivation and positively regulates reactive oxygen species production and K⁺ transporter expression (HAK5) in Arabidopsis roots. Ethylene also enhances plant tolerance to low potassium and modulates root hair elongation and primary root growth.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Drought Stress-Induced Rma1H1, a RING Membrane-Anchor E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Homolog, Regulates Aquaporin Levels via Ubiquitination in Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants

Hyun Kyung Lee, Seok Keun Cho, Ora Son, Zhengyi Xu, Inhwan Hwang, and Woo Taek Kim

Plant Cell 2009 21: 622-641. First Published on February 20, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.061994

The role of ubiquitination in responses to abiotic stresses is not clearly understood. This work shows that overexpression of a hot pepper homolog of a human ubiquitin ligase results in markedly increased tolerance to severe drought stress in transgenic Arabidopsis plants by ubiquitinating the water channel protein aquaporin.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

The Cytosolic Protein Response as a Subcomponent of the Wider Heat Shock Response in Arabidopsis

Akiko Sugio, René Dreos, Frederic Aparicio, and Andrew J. Maule

Plant Cell 2009 21: 642-654. First Published on February 24, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.062596

Accumulation of misfolded protein in the cytosol of Arabidopsis, for example following heat shock, activates a stress response that includes a range of specific transcriptional events. This response was found to be partly regulated by the transcription factor HsfA2.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A Bacterial-Type ABC Transporter Is Involved in Aluminum Tolerance in Rice

Chao Feng Huang, Naoki Yamaji, Namiki Mitani, Masahiro Yano, Yoshiaki Nagamura, and Jian Feng Ma

Plant Cell 2009 21: 655-667. First Published on February 24, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064543

Aluminum toxicity is a major factor limiting crop production in acidic soil. This work identifies two genes (STAR1 and STAR2) involved in aluminum tolerance in rice. STAR1 encodes a nucleotide binding domain of a putative ABC transporter. It interacts with STAR2, which encodes a transmembrane domain protein, to form an ABC transporter complex that transports UDP-glucose.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A Novel Plant Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Kinase Regulates the Response of Medicago truncatula Roots to Salt Stress

Laura de Lorenzo, Francisco Merchan, Philippe Laporte, Richard Thompson, Jonathan Clarke, Carolina Sousa, and Martín Crespi

Plant Cell 2009 21: 668-680. First Published on February 24, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.059576

This work examines a leucine-rich repeat-like kinase (RLK) induced in response to salt stress in the model legume Medicago truncatula. Mutants in this gene showed an impaired physiological and molecular response to high salt and accumulate less salt in their tissues. This RLK plays a key role in the adaptation of M. truncatula to salt stress.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data][Author Profile]

The ER Chaperone LHS1 Is Involved in Asexual Development and Rice Infection by the Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae Mihwa Yi, Myoung-Hwan Chi, Chang Hyun Khang, Sook-Young Park, Seogchan Kang, Barbara Valent, and Yong-Hwan Lee Plant Cell 2009 21: 681-695. First Published on February 27, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.107.055988 Magnaporthe oryzae LHS1 is an ER protein that functions in the unfolded protein response, as shown in yeast and plant systems. Disruption of the LHS1 gene causes improper processing and secretion of proteins. This disproportionately impacts early plant colonization steps in the compatible interaction and induction of plant defenses in the incompatible interaction. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data][Author Profile] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

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