IN BRIEF:

A High-Resolution Map of Auxin Distribution in the Arabidopsis Root Apex

Nancy A. Eckardt

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1621. First Published on June 5, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210610

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A Plastidic Transporter Involved in Aliphatic Glucosinolate Biosynthesis

Kathleen L. Farquharson

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1622. First Published on June 16, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210611

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The Tomato Pto Kinase Uses Shared and Unique Surfaces to Recognize Divergent Avirulence Proteins

Nancy R. Hofmann

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1623. First Published on June 19, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210612

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Investigating Translational Repression by MicroRNAs in Arabidopsis

Nancy A. Eckardt

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1624. First Published on June 19, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.210613

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PERSPECTIVES:

Exploring the Function-Location Nexus: Using Multiple Lines of Evidence in Defining the Subcellular Location of Plant Proteins

A. Harvey Millar, Chris Carrie, Barry Pogson, and James Whelan

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1625-1631. First Published on June 26, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066019

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Validating the Location of Fluorescent Protein Fusions in the Endomembrane System

Ian Moore and Angus Murphy

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1632-1636. First Published on June 26, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.068668

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REVIEW ARTICLES:

Advancing Genetic Theory and Application by Metabolic Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis

DanielJ. Kliebenstein

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1637-1646. First Published on June 12, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.067611

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RESEARCH ARTICLES:

The Maize Transcription Factor KNOTTED1 Directly Regulates the Gibberellin Catabolism Gene ga2ox1 Nathalie Bolduc and Sarah Hake Plant Cell 2009 21: 1647-1658. First Published on June 30, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.068221 Little is known about how KN1 and other KNOX proteins promote the establishment and maintenance of plant meristems, as few of their targets have been identified. This work shows that KN1 negatively regulates gibberellin accumulation through positive control of ga2ox1, which codes for an enzyme that inactivates gibberellin. KN1 directly binds to a cis-regulatory element in an intron of ga2ox1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

An Auxin Gradient and Maximum in the Arabidopsis Root Apex Shown by High-Resolution Cell-Specific Analysis of IAA Distribution and Synthesis

Sara V. Petersson, Annika I. Johansson, Mariusz Kowalczyk, Alexander Makoveychuk, Jean Y. Wang, Thomas Moritz, Markus Grebe, Philip N. Benfey, Göran Sandberg, and Karin Ljung

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1659-1668. First Published on June 2, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066480

This study describes a novel method for cell-specific analysis of the important plant hormone auxin. Cell sorting on cell type–specific tagged lines followed by precise mass spectrometry measurements were used to produce a high-resolution auxin distribution map of the Arabidopsis root, demonstrating the existence of an auxin gradient and maximum and sites of high auxin biosynthesis rates.

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Subunits of the Plastid ClpPR Protease Complex Have Differential Contributions to Embryogenesis, Plastid Biogenesis, and Plant Development in Arabidopsis

Jitae Kim, Andrea Rudella, Verenice Ramirez Rodriguez, Boris Zybailov, Paul Dominic B. Olinares, and Klaas J. van Wijk

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1669-1692. First Published on June 12, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.063784

Mutant, microscopy, and large-scale comparative proteome analyses of Arabidopsis demonstrate a central role of the Clp protease complex in chloroplast biogenesis and protein homeostasis, with different contributions of the ClpP and ClpR subunits. Lack of transcriptional and translational regulation suggests that regulation of Clp activity occurs through Clp complex assembly and substrate delivery.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Mutation of the Membrane-Associated M1 Protease APM1 Results in Distinct Embryonic and Seedling Developmental Defects in Arabidopsis

Wendy Ann Peer, Fazeeda N. Hosein, Anindita Bandyopadhyay, Srinivas N. Makam, Marisa S. Otegui, Gil-Je Lee, Joshua J. Blakeslee, Yan Cheng, Boosaree Titapiwatanakun, Bahktiyor Yakubov, Bharat Bangari, and Angus S. Murphy

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1693-1721. First Published on June 16, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.059634

Analysis of apm1 loss-of-function mutants and inducible expression/silencing transformants indicate that this M1 metallopeptidase is required for root meristem initiation during embryogenesis and meristem maintenance during seedling establishment. Meristem identity and maintenance also require auxin, and APM1 is a low-affinity target of the auxin transport inhibitor NPA.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A Role for Multiple Circadian Clock Genes in the Response to Signals That Break Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis

Steven Penfield and Anthony Hall

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1722-1732. First Published on June 19, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.064022

After-ripening is a little-known process occurring in dry seeds that results in loss of dormancy upon imbibition. This work shows that after-ripening affects the expression of genes comprising the circadian oscillator and that well-known circadian clock genes have roles in the control of Arabidopsis seed germination.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Establishment of the Winter-Annual Growth Habit via FRIGIDA-Mediated Histone Methylation at FLOWERING LOCUS C in Arabidopsis

Danhua Jiang, Xiaofeng Gu, and Yuehui He

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1733-1746. First Published on June 30, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.067967

This study shows that an Arabidopsis homolog of the human WDR5 protein, a core component of histone H3 lysine-4 (H3K4) methyltransferase complexes, binds the H3 tail and interacts with an H3K4 methyltransferase. FRIGIDA mediates the enrichment of this protein at FLOWERING LOCUS C, leading to elevated H3K4 trimethylation in FLC, to upregulate its expression and thus inhibits flowering.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A Pivotal Role of the Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor bZIP53 in the Regulation of Arabidopsis Seed Maturation Gene Expression Based on Heterodimerization and Protein Complex Formation

Rosario Alonso, Luis Oñate-Sánchez, Fridtjof Weltmeier, Andrea Ehlert, Isabel Diaz, Katrin Dietrich, Jesús Vicente-Carbajosa, and Wolfgang Dröge-Laser

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1747-1761. First Published on June 16, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.062968

This work identifies the Arabidopsis basic leucine zipper protein bZIP53 as a regulator of seed maturation genes. The mechanism of transcriptional control is defined by heterodimerization with bZIP10 or bZIP25 and ternary complex formation with ABI3.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Biochemical Evidence for Translational Repression by Arabidopsis MicroRNAs

Elodie Lanet, Etienne Delannoy, Rodnay Sormani, Maïna Floris, Peter Brodersen, Patrice Crété, Olivier Voinnet, and Christophe Robaglia

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1762-1768. First Published on June 16, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.063412

This work provides biochemical evidence of the association of miRNAs with translating polysomes in Arabidopsis. These data support the idea that RNA silencing mechanisms in animal and plant kingdoms are more similar than previously thought.

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The PLASTID DIVISION1 and 2 Components of the Chloroplast Division Machinery Determine the Rate of Chloroplast Division in Land Plant Cell Differentiation

Kumiko Okazaki, Yukihiro Kabeya, Kenji Suzuki, Toshiyuki Mori, Takanari Ichikawa, Minami Matsui, Hiromitsu Nakanishi, and Shin-ya Miyagishima

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1769-1780. First Published on June 30, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.067785

In contrast with most algae, in which chloroplast division keeps pace with cell division, land plant cells change the chloroplast division rate (i.e., size and number of chloroplasts) in accord with cell differentiation. This study suggests that acquisition of PLASTID DIVISION proteins by land plants enabled cells to change the chloroplast division rate based on cell differentiation.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A 1-Megadalton Translocation Complex Containing Tic20 and Tic21 Mediates Chloroplast Protein Import at the Inner Envelope Membrane

Shingo Kikuchi, Maya Oishi, Yoshino Hirabayashi, Dong Wook Lee, Inhwan Hwang, and Masato Nakai

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1781-1797. First Published on June 16, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.108.063552

This work describes the identification of a 1-MD translocation complex as a novel intermediate during general protein translocation across the inner membrane of chloroplasts. Tic20 and Tic21 are involved in the 1-MD complex, whereas Tic110, the most characterized component of the protein translocon at the inner membrane, exists as a distinct entity from the 1-MD complex.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

Lutein Accumulation in the Absence of Zeaxanthin Restores Nonphotochemical Quenching in the Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 Mutant Zhirong Li, Tae Kyu Ahn, Thomas J. Avenson, Matteo Ballottari, Jeffrey A. Cruz, David M. Kramer, Roberto Bassi, Graham R. Fleming, Jay D. Keasling, and Krishna K. Niyogi Plant Cell 2009 21: 1798-1812. First Published on June 23, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066571 A mutation in the lycopene β-cyclase gene of Arabidopsis increases the accumulation of lutein, which can partially substitute for the role of zeaxanthin in regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting via thermal dissipation of excess absorbed light energy. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

The Plastidic Bile Acid Transporter 5 Is Required for the Biosynthesis of Methionine-Derived Glucosinolates in Arabidopsis thaliana

Tamara Gigolashvili, Ruslan Yatusevich, Inga Rollwitz, Melanie Humphry, Jonathan Gershenzon, and Ulf-Ingo Flügge

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1813-1829. First Published on June 19, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066399

This work demonstrates that the chloroplastidic BAT5 transporter is required for side chain elongation of Met-derived glucosinolates in Arabidopsis. Comparative feeding experiments of bat5 and wild-type plants using 2-keto acids and amino acids of different chain length suggested that BAT5 functions as a plastidic transporter for 2-keto acids.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data][Author Profile]

The Multifunctional Enzyme CYP71B15 (PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3) Converts Cysteine-Indole-3-Acetonitrile to Camalexin in the Indole-3-Acetonitrile Metabolic Network of Arabidopsis thaliana Christoph Böttcher, Lore Westphal, Constanze Schmotz, Elke Prade, Dierk Scheel, and Erich Glawischnig Plant Cell 2009 21: 1830-1845. First Published on June 30, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066670 In a comprehensive metabolomics and precursor feeding approach, a network of indole-3-acetonitrile (IAN)–derived metabolites was identified in mutants of camalexin biosynthesis. A Cys conjugate of IAN was shown to be turned over directly to camalexin and cyanide by PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3, a multifunctional cytochrome P450 enzyme. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data] OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

Crystal Structure of the Complex between Pseudomonas Effector AvrPtoB and the Tomato Pto Kinase Reveals Both a Shared and a Unique Interface Compared with AvrPto-Pto

Jing Dong, Fangming Xiao, Fenxia Fan, Lichuan Gu, Huaixing Cang, Gregory B. Martin, and Jijie Chai

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1846-1859. First Published on June 9, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066878

Resistance to bacterial speck disease in tomato is activated upon interaction of the host Pto kinase with either of two pathogen proteins. This work provides structural insight into how a single host resistance protein can recognize two divergent bacterial effector proteins and supports a proposed mechanism in which each of these effector proteins relieves negative regulation by Pto.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

A Cell Wall–Degrading Esterase of Xanthomonas oryzae Requires a Unique Substrate Recognition Module for Pathogenesis on Rice

Gudlur Aparna, Avradip Chatterjee, Ramesh V. Sonti, and Rajan Sankaranarayanan

Plant Cell 2009 21: 1860-1873. First Published on June 12, 2009; doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066886

The structural study of a rice cell wall–degrading esterase LipA from Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight disease, reveals a unique domain that is essential for LipA function in planta and is conserved across the phytopathogenic genus Xanthomonas.

[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]

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